Composition for the purification of gases



Patented Sept. 1930 nan-ran s rras are ear in AIJFBED JOSEPH, F ENGHEIN, FRANCE, ASSIGNOR TO COMPAQ-NEE IIQ'ESEFFJNATIQNALE POUR LA'EABPJICATION DES ESSENCES ET PETROLES, 0F BABIES, FRANCE, A. LImTElD JOINT-STOCK COMPANY OF FRANCE COMPOSITION FOR THE PURIFICATION OF GASES No Drawing. Application filed March 1, 1929, Serial No. 343,849, and in Fran ce April 13, 1928.

This invention relates to compositions for the purification of gases derived from the dis tillation or from the heat treatment of solid, pasty or liquid carbonaceous materials. Usually for the purification of gases derived from the distillation orfrom the heat treatment of solid, pasty :or liquid carbonaceous materials, metallic agents'such as nickel. or another metal (copper, cobalt or oxon a carrier of inert material such as kaolin, clay, pumice stone, kieselguhr, infusorial earth, etc. The metal of such compositions retains the sulphur so that the purifying mass, wherein the metal is converted into a sulphide, must be periodically regenerated by converting the sulphide into a metal or oxide, such conversion being effected with the aid of a stream of air or oxygen which elimi- 2 nates the sulphur in the form of sulphurous anhydride.

Now, in order'that the regenerated metal can act in an effective manner as a purify- NiS+=NiO+SO2,

which occurs on regeneration by a. stream of air or oxygen, be insufficient to heat the mass to a temperature capable of appreciably reducing the activity of the metal. With nickel, for example, the applicant hasfound that such temperature must not exceed approximately 800 C., notwithstanding that 40 in the neighborhood of 1452 C.

In order to prevent such heating of the mass beyond the temperature limit of 800 (3., the applicant has already proposed the employment of receivers of annular form providing a suitable cooling surface. The applicant has moreover proposed to dilute the.

stream of regenerating air by means of inert gas such gas being preferably constituted by the nitrogen from the regenerating air the ides of these metals are employed, deposited ing agent capable of retaining in a relatively the sul hur content of the gases to be fusion of the metal does not commence until.

oxygen of which has become fixed on the sulphur of the purifying mass.

The applicant has found that an excessive heating of the purifying mass undergoing regeneration can be effectively guarded against, without necessarily having recourse to the above mentioned artifices, by proportioning in a suitable manner the quantities of the metal and of the inert carrier material.

The applicant has found that in order to avoid an increase of the temperature to beyond the desired limit, it'is necessary to proportion, in the purifying mass, the weights of metal and of inert material so that the entire composition cannot retain a weight of sulphur more than 10% of the weight of the said mass.

With nickel used as the purifying agent proper, if such metal is employed by deposition on a carrier such as clay, by immersion of the latter in a saltsuch as mckel nitrate, and

by subsequent decomposition'of the salt for eliminating the acid, it is necessary that the weight of nickel thus deposited be in all cases less than 20% of the weight of the purifying mass (nickel+carrier) v It is obvious that the weight of nickel or other metal that the mass may contain, ma vary below the limit value in accordance wit ur1- fied an thecapacity of the purification 0 ambers. It is however advisable to proportion the weight of the metal and of the inert material in the purifying mass so as to let themetal retain the maximum limit weight of 10% of the weight of the sulphur retainable; The weight limit of sulphur to be retained by the purifying agent may be sli htl in- 4 creased if recourse is had to addition al ni eans for de ressing the temperature of the reac-' tion, or example by employing one or the other of the artifices proposed in my United States patent application Serial No. 296 88 atsubstance, the weight of said carrier and metallic substance being proportioned so that the Weight of sulphur retainable is not more than 10% of the total weight of the carrier and metallic substance. v

2. A desulphurizing agent for the purification of gases comprising a carrier of inert material impregnated with a purifying substance containing nickel, the weight of said carrier and of the nickel being proportioned so that the weight of sulphur retainable is not more than 10% of the total weight of the carrier and purifying substance.

3. A desulphurizing agent for the purification of gases comprising a carrier of inert material impregnated wlth nickel oxide, the amount of nickel being 20% by weight of said desulphurizing agent.

In testimony whereof I have signed this specification.

ALFRED JOSEPH. 

